Home automation systems are used for controlling home appliances and devices like the indoor & outdoor lights, air conditioning in the house, to lock or unlock the doors, and electric appliances. There are several significant benefits of home automation in various sub-categories including savings, convenience, safety, and control. Internet of Things is a process where electronic devices which have the capability to sense data, process it and self-adopt it are used to interact with devices performing the same task in order to make an intelligent self-decision. The internet of things is a new era of intelligence computing and it is providing a privilege to communicate around the world.<

Home automation systems are used for controlling home appliances and devices like the indoor & outdoor lights, air conditioning in the house, to lock or unlock the doors, and electric appliances. There are several significant benefits of home automation in various sub-categories including savings, convenience, safety, and control. Internet of Things is a process where electronic devices which have the capability to sense data, process it and self-adopt it are used to interact with devices performing the same task in order to make an intelligent self-decision. The internet of things is a new era of intelligence computing and it is providing a privilege to communicate around the world.

Arduino is considered as one of the most effective open-source prototyping platform which consists of several microcontroller boards. For better programming the microcontroller boards, the user can easily download the free Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment).

The designers, manufacturers of AI items such as drones and controlled vehicles, members of academia majorly use the Arduino resulting the low price and ease of handling and programming features. It has been recently reported that various high-tech Arduino projects such as Open Source, Autonomous Robot, GameBoy, and Laser Harp are managing to involve a plethora of sensors, actuators, and shields with a strong community support and available information on the internet. This makes Arduino worthy for many applications. In addition to the original Arduino boards, several third party clones can be purchased from a variety of vendors.

In 2015 Arduino launched the Genuino as the official name for Arduinos sold outside the US. Essentially working with Arduino involves using the Arduino hardware proper in a straightforward programming environment with constant connections with the community to involve major philosophy of design and goal understanding. With the launch of Arduino, the concepts of open hardware and software have majorly dominated the interaction designers who show the presence in gatherings with their prototypes and encourage the community to push the frontier even further.

Raspberry Pi is a small, low-cost single board computer (SBC) series developed by the UK based Raspberry Pi Foundation. As compared with any other microcontroller boards such as Arduino Uno, Raspberry Pi computers stands the best with a high performance rate. Today, the most advanced model is the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B. This model offers a 1.2 GHz 64-bit quad-core ARM processor, 1 GB RAM and 40 GPIO pins. A micro SDHC card is used for data storage.

The SBC has 4 USB slots, Wireless LAN, Ethernet port, HDMI port, and Bluetooth Low Energy. Several operating systems are available for the Raspberry Pi 3, with Raspbian (based on the Debian Linux distribution) as the default alternative. Raspbian promptly comes with several variety of quality preinstalled tools such as Python which is considered as a free version of Wolfram Mathematica, and Java development environments BlueJ, and Greenfoot.

Case: Man in the middle Attack

This case involves sensor data transmission between Raspberry Pi and a web server. This a scenario of a “Man in the middle attack” between the Raspberry Pi and the plot.

A scenario of a “Man in the middle attack” between the Raspberry Pi and the plot. The Raspberry Pi is connected using the WiFi via the Internet to the plot.ly server. This “Man in the middle attack” was recognized using laptops with Kali Linux operating system. Laptop with a Wi-Fi configurations and Kali Linux has several potential software packages for performing penetration tests and suitable for performing penetration tests.

The Raspberry Pi is connected to a guest network provided by USN, called HSN-guest, to which the Kali laptop was connected. This network has the IP address 158.36.239.0 (USN uses public addresses for the Wi-Fi network). The type of attack ARP spoofing (also called ARP poisoning), is done using the ARP tables. Raspberry Pi send packets to the gateway for transmitting data to plot.ly server using the Internet. Kali laptop can play the role of gateway for the Raspberry Pi with ARP packets, and the role of the Raspberry Pi to the gateway. Through this arrangement, data packets flowing between the Raspberry Pi and the gateway, will be forced to go through the Kali laptop. When sensor data are sent by the Raspberry Pi, the Kali Linus Laptop will receive the data and then transmit the data to the gateway and vice versa.

Smart home modelling and control

As a final stage in the pedagogical effort following the trend of Intel Smart Tiny House, miniature homes with various smart appliances were built for a collaborative course between Jade University of Applied Texas Tech University, and Applied Sciences. The goal is to model systems in smart homes and control certain parameters, such as temperature and humidity. A typical house is made to the scale 1:10. About 30 students were divided into five groups, to work with selected engineering problems associated with the smart house. The tasks are defined for seven groups as follows: Group A - Heating Pool (4 students); Group B - Heating Room (4 students) ; Group C - Light regulation (4 students); Group D – Photovoltaics; (4 students), Group E - Communication Arduino – Mobile Phone (4 students); Group F - Optical Movement Recognition (4 students). In the modeling and control problem, the heating of swimming pool and the floor were addressed using the miniature house. The size of the house used in this project based learning program.

In addition to the communication issues discussed in earlier sections of this paper, a simple model was also developed to estimate the temperature due to floor heating. These sub-tasks were assigned to different groups of students. The model can be studied further to estimate and control the temperature to adjust the room temperature in different rooms. The main goals are controlling and holding the temperatures in the room and swimming pool at desired temperatures.

One group of students worked with the following tasks:

• Measuring the step function response of the control process
• Building the mathematical model from the step function response
• Simulating (Scilab, Xcos) the control process with the mathematical model value

Another group had the following tasks:

• Create a pulse packages controlled modulator for the power converter
• Simulate the circuit with LT-Spice
• Build (hardware) and test the above unit
• Measure the step function response of the control unit
• Build (hardware) PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) controlled unit for the room heating